Frodex

Frodex

Beta
EnglishPortuguês (BR)
Foundations
1Introduction2Tokens3Controlling the Model
Communicating with LLMs
4Anatomy of a Good Prompt5System Prompts and Personas6Few-Shot Learning
Structured Outputs
7JSON Mode and Structured Output8Function Calling
Advanced Techniques
9Chain of Thought Reasoning10Managing the Context Window11Embeddings and Semantic Search
Production Systems
12Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)13Streaming Responses14Evaluation and Cost Optimization
Frodex

Frodex

Beta
EnglishPortuguês (BR)
Foundations
1Introduction2Tokens3Controlling the Model
Communicating with LLMs
4Anatomy of a Good Prompt5System Prompts and Personas6Few-Shot Learning
Structured Outputs
7JSON Mode and Structured Output8Function Calling
Advanced Techniques
9Chain of Thought Reasoning10Managing the Context Window11Embeddings and Semantic Search
Production Systems
12Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)13Streaming Responses14Evaluation and Cost Optimization
Advanced Techniques
18 minLesson 11 of 14

Embeddings and Semantic Search

Convert text to vectors for similarity search in real applications and systems

Learning goals

  • •Understand what embeddings are and how they work
  • •Learn to implement semantic search
  • •Know when to use embeddings vs other approaches

What Are Embeddings?

Embeddings convert text into numerical vectors that capture semantic meaning:

  • Similar meanings → Similar vectors
  • Different meanings → Different vectors

A sentence like "I love pizza" becomes a vector like [0.23, -0.45, 0.87, ...] (typically 1536+ dimensions).

Key property: You can measure similarity between embeddings using cosine similarity or dot product.

Generating Embeddings

const response = await openai.embeddings.create({
  model: "text-embedding-ada-002",
  input: "Your text here"

const vector = response.data[0].embedding; // Returns a 1536-dimensional vector ```

Store these vectors in a vector database for efficient similarity search.

Semantic Search

Traditional search: exact keyword matching Semantic search: meaning-based matching

  • "automobile" finds documents about "cars"
  • "happy" finds documents about "joyful" or "pleased"
  • "ML" finds documents about "machine learning"

The process: 1. Embed your query 2. Find similar vectors in your database 3. Return the corresponding documents

Common mistakes

×Embedding very long texts—chunk into smaller pieces for better retrieval
×Using wrong embedding model—match the model to your use case and language
×Ignoring embedding costs—embeddings are cheaper than completions but add up at scale
×Not normalizing vectors—some similarity measures require normalized vectors

Key takeaways

+Embeddings convert text to vectors that capture semantic meaning
+Similar meanings produce similar vectors, enabling semantic search
+Chunk long documents for better retrieval precision
+Use embeddings for search, clustering, and recommendation systems

Playground

Try These Experiments

Prompt

Why This Experiment?

Explore how embeddings capture semantic meaning.

Response
No response yet
Choose an experiment above or type your own prompt, then click Run to see the model's response here.

Embeddings capture meaning, so synonyms have similar vectors while unrelated words are distant.